Publications

Adopting carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) to decarbonize the Energy-Intensive Industry (EII) is necessary to respond to climate change mitigation targets. However, and while necessary, CCUS is also a challenging technological choice. CCUS comes with uncertainties regarding high upfront investments, monetization challenges, cost avoidance business models conditioning, its commercial readiness, technological lock-in, the liability of CO2 captured, risks involved in failing to...

To achieve a 40% (minimum) reduction in industrial CO2 emissions in the European Union (EU) in line with the Paris agreement, Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) remains a key technology to adopt - especially in carbon-intensive sectors. A key challenge in its implementation, however, lies in the optimal planning and design, and also right-sizing of such infrastructure, given regional decarbonisation targets. This report outlines the assumptions, methodology and results obtained for...

The European Commission sees CCUS as a strategic technology, among other mitigation technology options (European Commission, 2023a). To align with the Paris Agreement, Europe will need Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) to achieve a 55% reduction in emissions by 2030. However, the role Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) will play in industrial decarbonisation by 2030 deservers further policy attention (ZEP, 2020). Adopting particular technological approaches to decarbonise the industry comes...

This public deliverable D2.6 is part of work package 2 of the C4U project (1). The main objective in WP2 is the experimental demonstration at TRL7 of the CASOH process (“Calcium Assisted Steel mill Off-gas Hydrogen production”). This process is a CO2 capture technology designed to produce H2 and heat from steel mill off-gases that contain CO, such as blast furnace gas (BFG), which is today a major source of carbon (in the form of CO and CO2) in integrated steel mills.   This deliverable...

The Ca-Cu looping process is a promising CO2 capture technology designed to produce H2 and power from a fuel gas. The use of inexpensive and widely available limestone would facilitate the scale up of this technology. This work proposes a novel strategy for packed-bed Ca-Cu looping processes consisting of loading the sufficient amount of CuO to calcine only a well-defined fraction of CaCO3 in every cycle during the transient period until the limestone reaches a residual solid conversion of...

The safe operation of pressurised CO2 pipelines is key to the success of Carbon Capture and Storage as a viable means for tackling global warming. However, given their relatively small number currently in operation, the confident prediction of their puncture size failure probability and how it compares with hydrocarbon pipelines are fundamentally important questions that must be resolved. This paper presents the development and application of a robust statistical analytical technique for the...

A methodology based on the multi-objective optimisation of economic and environmental aspects is presented to support the preliminary design of CO2 transport pipelines employed as part of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) systems. Pareto optimal design solutions are determined for a realistic point-to-point CO2 pipeline using Level Diagrams and choosing the Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) as a decision variable. A quantitative procedure entailing the definition of economic and environmental key...

The Calcium Assisted Steel-mill Off-gas Hydrogen production process (CASOH) is able to upgrade and decarbonise blast furnace gases (BFG), which is the main source of CO2 emissions in integrated steel making plants. The three main reaction stages of the process (i.e. H2 production via calcium-assisted water-gas-shift of BFG, Cu oxidation and CO2 sorbent regeneration) have been investigated in a lab-scale fixed bed reactor, using readily available functional materials (i.e. a commercial Cu-based...

Authors:Jude O. Ejeh, Ahmed Z. Yousef, Peter Bugryniec, Mathew Dennis Wilkes, Richard T. J. Porter, Sergey Martynov, Haroun Mahgerefteh, Solomon Brown
Journal:Proceedings of the 16th Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Conference

This report evaluates the impact of CO₂ streams impurities on the formation of solid CO₂ in pipelines for realistic venting decompression scenarios.

This paper presents the application of an innovative adsorption process called DISPLACE to capture CO2 from the steel plant flue gases. In this process, the CO2 is adsorbed onto the sorbent due to high partial pressures of CO2 which is then displaced by H2O adsorption on shared adsorption sites. The process is for the first time applied to steel plant, therefore a preliminary process optimization must be carried out focusing on the feed pressure as main parameter: the higher the pressure, the...

This report evaluates the impact of CO₂ streams impurities on the formation of solid CO₂ in pipelines for realistic venting decompression scenarios.